AKO ČÍTAŤ SÚBOR XML V JAZYKU JAVA

Čítanie súboru XML v jazyku Java je veľmi odlišné od čítania iných súborov, ako sú .docx a .txt, pretože súbor XML obsahuje údaje medzi značkami. Java poskytuje mnoho spôsobov, ako analyzovať súbor XML. V jazyku Java existujú dva analyzátory, ktoré analyzujú súbor XML:

Java DOM Analyzátor
Java SPRÁVNE Analyzátor

Java DOM Parser

The DOM API poskytuje triedy na čítanie a zápis súboru XML. Pomocou DOM API môžeme vytvoriť, odstrániť, upraviť a preusporiadať uzol. Analyzátor DOM analyzuje celý súbor XML a vytvorí a DOM objekt v pamäti. Modeluje súbor XML v a stromová štruktúra pre ľahké prechádzanie a manipuláciu. V DOM je všetko v súbore XML a uzol . Uzol predstavuje súčasť súboru XML. Analyzátor DOM je pomaly v procese a zaberá veľa pamäte keď načíta súbor XML do pamäte.

Museli sme dodržať proces čítania súboru XML v jazyku Java:

getDocumentElement()

getElementByTagName()

ELEMENT_NODE

getElementByTextValue()

Kroky na čítanie súboru XML v jazyku Java pomocou eclipse

Krok 1: Vytvorte jednoduchý Java projektu.

java string.format

Krok 2: Vytvorte súbor triedy a zadajte názov súboru triedy. Vytvorili sme súbor triedy s názvom Prečítajte siXMLFileExample1 .

Krok 3: Napíšte nasledujúci kód.

Krok 4: Stiahnuť ▼ dom-2.3.0-jaxb-1.0.6.jar súbor: Kliknite tu...

Krok 5: Vytvor lib priečinok v projekte.

Krok 6: Kopírovať dom-2.3.0-jaxb-1.0.6.jar súbor a vložte ho do priečinka lib.

Krok 7: Nastaviť triedna cesta :

reťazec obsahuje java

Kliknite pravým tlačidlom myši na projekt->Build Path->Configure Build Path->Add External JARs->Vyberte súbor JAR->kliknite na tlačidlo Open->Apply and Close.

Krok 8: Vytvorte XML súbor. Vytvorili sme súbor XML s názvom XMLFile.xml a zapíšte do nej nasledujúce údaje.

Krok 9: Spustite projekt.

Vytvorenie súboru XML: XMLFile.xml

 101 Naman Kumar Math 83 102 Kapil Kumar Chemistry 60 103 Harsh Singh English 70 104 Jitesh Singh Physics 76

Príklad čítania XML súboru pomocou DOM Parser

 import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import java.io.File; public class ReadXMLFileExample1 { public static void main(String argv[]) { try { //creating a constructor of file class and parsing an XML file File file = new File(&apos;F:\XMLFile.xml&apos;); //an instance of factory that gives a document builder DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); //an instance of builder to parse the specified xml file DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); Document doc = db.parse(file); doc.getDocumentElement().normalize(); System.out.println(&apos;Root element: &apos; + doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName()); NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName(&apos;student&apos;); // nodeList is not iterable, so we are using for loop for (int itr = 0; itr <nodelist.getlength(); itr++) { node system.out.println('
node name :' + node.getnodename()); if (node.getnodetype()="=" node.element_node) element eelement="(Element)" node; system.out.println('student id: '+ eelement.getelementsbytagname('id').item(0).gettextcontent()); system.out.println('first name: eelement.getelementsbytagname('firstname').item(0).gettextcontent()); system.out.println('last eelement.getelementsbytagname('lastname').item(0).gettextcontent()); system.out.println('subject: eelement.getelementsbytagname('subject').item(0).gettextcontent()); system.out.println('marks: eelement.getelementsbytagname('marks').item(0).gettextcontent()); } catch (exception e) e.printstacktrace(); < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Root element: class Node Name: student Student id: 101 First Name: Naman Last Name: Kumar Subject: Math Marks: 83 Node Name: student Student id: 102 First Name: Kapil Last Name: Kumar Subject: Chemistry Marks: 60 Node Name: student Student id: 103 First Name: Harsh Last Name: Singh Subject: English Marks: 70 Node Name: student Student id: 104 First Name: Jitesh Last Name: Singh Subject: Physics Marks: 76 </pre> <p>Let&apos;s see another example of reading xml file.</p> <p> <strong>Example of reading XML file using DOM Parser</strong> </p> <p>The following example reads the same XML file <strong>XMLFile.xml</strong> , and showing that how to loop the node one by one. It prints the node value, name and attribute if any.</p> <p> <strong>Example</strong> </p> <pre> import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; public class ReadXMLFileExample2 { public static void main(String[] args) { try { File file = new File(&apos;F:\XMLFile.xml&apos;); DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder(); Document document = documentBuilder.parse(file); System.out.println(&apos;Root element: &apos;+ document.getDocumentElement().getNodeName()); if (document.hasChildNodes()) { printNodeList(document.getChildNodes()); } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } private static void printNodeList(NodeList nodeList) { for (int count = 0; count <nodelist.getlength(); count++) { node elemnode="nodeList.item(count);" if (elemnode.getnodetype()="=" node.element_node) get name and value system.out.println('
node [open]'); system.out.println('node content=" + elemNode.getTextContent()); if (elemNode.hasAttributes()) { NamedNodeMap nodeMap = elemNode.getAttributes(); for (int i = 0; i &lt; nodeMap.getLength(); i++) { Node node = nodeMap.item(i); System.out.println(" attr : ' + node.getnodename()); system.out.println('attr node.getnodevalue()); } (elemnode.haschildnodes()) recursive call the has child nodes printnodelist(elemnode.getchildnodes()); [close]'); < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Root element: class Node Name =class [OPEN] Node Content = 101 Naman Kumar Maths 83 102 Kapil Kumar Chemistry 60 103 Harsh Singh English 70 104 Jitesh Singh Physics 76 Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 101 Naman Kumar Maths 83 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =101 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Naman Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Kumar Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =Math Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =83 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 102 Kapil Kumar Chemistry 60 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =102 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Kapil Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Kumar Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =Chemistry Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =60 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 103 Harsh Singh English 70 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =103 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Harsh Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Singh Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =English Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =70 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 104 Jitesh Singh Physics 76 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =104 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Jitesh Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Singh Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =Physics Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =76 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =class [CLOSE] </pre> <h2>Java SAX Parser</h2> <p>Java SAX parser stands for <strong>Simple API</strong> for <strong>XML</strong> . SAX parser parses an XML file <strong>line by line</strong> . It triggers events when it encounters the opening tag, closing tag, and character data in an xml file. SAX parser is also called the <strong>event-based parser</strong> .</p> <p>SAX parser does not load any XML file into memory. It does not create any object representation of the XML document. SAX parser uses call back function to inform clients of the XML document structure. It is <strong>faster</strong> and uses <strong>less memory</strong> than DOM parser.</p> <p>SAX is a <strong>streaming interface</strong> for XML, which means that XML file parses in sequential order starting at the top of the document, and ending with the closing of the root element.</p> <p> <strong>Example of reading XML file using SAX parser</strong> </p> <pre> import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; public class ReadXMLFileExample3 { public static void main(String args[]) { try { SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser(); DefaultHandler handler = new DefaultHandler() { boolean id = false; boolean firstname = false; boolean lastname = false; boolean subject = false; boolean marks = false; //parser starts parsing a specific element inside the document public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { System.out.println(&apos;Start Element :&apos; + qName); if(qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;Id&apos;)) { id=true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;FIRSTNAME&apos;)) { firstname = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;LASTNAME&apos;)) { lastname = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;SUBJECT&apos;)) { subject = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;MARKS&apos;)) { marks = true; } } //parser ends parsing the specific element inside the document public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { System.out.println(&apos;End Element:&apos; + qName); } //reads the text value of the currently parsed element public void characters(char ch[], int start, int length) throws SAXException { if (id) { System.out.println(&apos;ID : &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); id = false; } if (firstname) { System.out.println(&apos;First Name: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); firstname = false; } if (lastname) { System.out.println(&apos;Last Name: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); lastname = false; } if (subject) { System.out.println(&apos;Subject: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); subject = false; } if (marks) { System.out.println(&apos;Marks : &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); marks = false; } } }; saxParser.parse(&apos;F:\XMLFile.xml&apos;, handler); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Start Element: class Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 101 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Naman End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Kumar End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Math End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 83 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 102 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Kapil End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Kumar End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Chemistry End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 60 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 103 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Harsh End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Singh End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: English End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 70 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 104 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Jitesh End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Singh End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Physics End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 76 End Element: marks End Element: student End Element: class </pre> <hr></nodelist.getlength();></pre></nodelist.getlength();>

Pozrime sa na ďalší príklad čítania súboru xml.

Príklad čítania XML súboru pomocou DOM Parser

Nasledujúci príklad číta rovnaký súbor XML XMLFile.xml , a ukazuje, ako slučkovať uzol jeden po druhom. Vytlačí hodnotu uzla, názov a atribút, ak existuje.

Príklad

 import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; public class ReadXMLFileExample2 { public static void main(String[] args) { try { File file = new File(&apos;F:\XMLFile.xml&apos;); DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder(); Document document = documentBuilder.parse(file); System.out.println(&apos;Root element: &apos;+ document.getDocumentElement().getNodeName()); if (document.hasChildNodes()) { printNodeList(document.getChildNodes()); } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } private static void printNodeList(NodeList nodeList) { for (int count = 0; count <nodelist.getlength(); count++) { node elemnode="nodeList.item(count);" if (elemnode.getnodetype()="=" node.element_node) get name and value system.out.println(\'
node [open]\'); system.out.println(\'node content=" + elemNode.getTextContent()); if (elemNode.hasAttributes()) { NamedNodeMap nodeMap = elemNode.getAttributes(); for (int i = 0; i &lt; nodeMap.getLength(); i++) { Node node = nodeMap.item(i); System.out.println(" attr : \' + node.getnodename()); system.out.println(\'attr node.getnodevalue()); } (elemnode.haschildnodes()) recursive call the has child nodes printnodelist(elemnode.getchildnodes()); [close]\'); < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Root element: class Node Name =class [OPEN] Node Content = 101 Naman Kumar Maths 83 102 Kapil Kumar Chemistry 60 103 Harsh Singh English 70 104 Jitesh Singh Physics 76 Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 101 Naman Kumar Maths 83 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =101 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Naman Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Kumar Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =Math Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =83 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 102 Kapil Kumar Chemistry 60 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =102 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Kapil Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Kumar Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =Chemistry Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =60 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 103 Harsh Singh English 70 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =103 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Harsh Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Singh Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =English Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =70 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =student [OPEN] Node Content = 104 Jitesh Singh Physics 76 Node Name =id [OPEN] Node Content =104 Node Name =id [CLOSE] Node Name =firstname [OPEN] Node Content =Jitesh Node Name =firstname [CLOSE] Node Name =lastname [OPEN] Node Content =Singh Node Name =lastname [CLOSE] Node Name =subject [OPEN] Node Content =Physics Node Name =subject [CLOSE] Node Name =marks [OPEN] Node Content =76 Node Name =marks [CLOSE] Node Name =student [CLOSE] Node Name =class [CLOSE] </pre> <h2>Java SAX Parser</h2> <p>Java SAX parser stands for <strong>Simple API</strong> for <strong>XML</strong> . SAX parser parses an XML file <strong>line by line</strong> . It triggers events when it encounters the opening tag, closing tag, and character data in an xml file. SAX parser is also called the <strong>event-based parser</strong> .</p> <p>SAX parser does not load any XML file into memory. It does not create any object representation of the XML document. SAX parser uses call back function to inform clients of the XML document structure. It is <strong>faster</strong> and uses <strong>less memory</strong> than DOM parser.</p> <p>SAX is a <strong>streaming interface</strong> for XML, which means that XML file parses in sequential order starting at the top of the document, and ending with the closing of the root element.</p> <p> <strong>Example of reading XML file using SAX parser</strong> </p> <pre> import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; public class ReadXMLFileExample3 { public static void main(String args[]) { try { SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser(); DefaultHandler handler = new DefaultHandler() { boolean id = false; boolean firstname = false; boolean lastname = false; boolean subject = false; boolean marks = false; //parser starts parsing a specific element inside the document public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { System.out.println(&apos;Start Element :&apos; + qName); if(qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;Id&apos;)) { id=true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;FIRSTNAME&apos;)) { firstname = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;LASTNAME&apos;)) { lastname = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;SUBJECT&apos;)) { subject = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;MARKS&apos;)) { marks = true; } } //parser ends parsing the specific element inside the document public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { System.out.println(&apos;End Element:&apos; + qName); } //reads the text value of the currently parsed element public void characters(char ch[], int start, int length) throws SAXException { if (id) { System.out.println(&apos;ID : &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); id = false; } if (firstname) { System.out.println(&apos;First Name: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); firstname = false; } if (lastname) { System.out.println(&apos;Last Name: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); lastname = false; } if (subject) { System.out.println(&apos;Subject: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); subject = false; } if (marks) { System.out.println(&apos;Marks : &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); marks = false; } } }; saxParser.parse(&apos;F:\XMLFile.xml&apos;, handler); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Start Element: class Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 101 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Naman End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Kumar End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Math End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 83 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 102 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Kapil End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Kumar End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Chemistry End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 60 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 103 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Harsh End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Singh End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: English End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 70 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 104 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Jitesh End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Singh End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Physics End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 76 End Element: marks End Element: student End Element: class </pre> <hr></nodelist.getlength();>

Java SAX Parser

Skratka Java SAX parser znamená Jednoduché API pre XML . Analyzátor SAX analyzuje súbor XML riadok po riadku . Udalosti spúšťa, keď sa stretne s otváracou značkou, uzatváracou značkou a znakovými údajmi v súbore xml. Parser SAX sa tiež nazýva analyzátor založený na udalostiach .

Analyzátor SAX nenačítava žiadny súbor XML do pamäte. Nevytvára žiadnu objektovú reprezentáciu dokumentu XML. SAX parser používa funkciu spätného volania na informovanie klientov o štruktúre dokumentu XML. to je rýchlejšie a použitia menej pamäte ako analyzátor DOM.

SAX je a streamovacie rozhranie pre XML, čo znamená, že súbor XML sa analyzuje v sekvenčnom poradí, ktoré začína v hornej časti dokumentu a končí zatvorením koreňového prvku.

ako používať pracovný stôl mysql

Príklad čítania XML súboru pomocou SAX parseru

 import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; public class ReadXMLFileExample3 { public static void main(String args[]) { try { SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser(); DefaultHandler handler = new DefaultHandler() { boolean id = false; boolean firstname = false; boolean lastname = false; boolean subject = false; boolean marks = false; //parser starts parsing a specific element inside the document public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { System.out.println(&apos;Start Element :&apos; + qName); if(qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;Id&apos;)) { id=true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;FIRSTNAME&apos;)) { firstname = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;LASTNAME&apos;)) { lastname = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;SUBJECT&apos;)) { subject = true; } if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase(&apos;MARKS&apos;)) { marks = true; } } //parser ends parsing the specific element inside the document public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { System.out.println(&apos;End Element:&apos; + qName); } //reads the text value of the currently parsed element public void characters(char ch[], int start, int length) throws SAXException { if (id) { System.out.println(&apos;ID : &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); id = false; } if (firstname) { System.out.println(&apos;First Name: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); firstname = false; } if (lastname) { System.out.println(&apos;Last Name: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); lastname = false; } if (subject) { System.out.println(&apos;Subject: &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); subject = false; } if (marks) { System.out.println(&apos;Marks : &apos; + new String(ch, start, length)); marks = false; } } }; saxParser.parse(&apos;F:\XMLFile.xml&apos;, handler); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

Výkon:

 Start Element: class Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 101 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Naman End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Kumar End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Math End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 83 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 102 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Kapil End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Kumar End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Chemistry End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 60 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 103 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Harsh End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Singh End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: English End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 70 End Element: marks End Element: student Start Element: student Start Element: id ID: 104 End Element: id Start Element: firstname First Name: Jitesh End Element: firstname Start Element: lastname Last Name: Singh End Element: lastname Start Element: subject Subject: Physics End Element: subject Start Element: marks Marks: 76 End Element: marks End Element: student End Element: class

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